This report was the first of its kind to analyze the green job market in MI (3% of workforce) through an analytical (industrial and occupational trends), qualitative (focus groups), and quantitative (employer survey) approach. Discussed are Michigan's green related industries and occupations, and also tracking them. It's concluded that the MI green job market has further potential and is growing despite an economic downturn.

This resource contains presentations from one of the Center for Automotive Research's (CAR's) breakfast briefings titled "Automotive Fuels and Emissions: Policies, Compliance, & Potential Impact of Future Technologies." This briefing occurred on 12/5/13 at Robert Bosch LLC in Farmington Hills, MI. At the briefing presenters discussed the strategic implications of Tier 3 regulations which will soon be finalized and may impact future technology decisions in a multitude of ways. The impact of Tier 3 emission regulations is expected to be far reaching as they have the potential to influence the quality of fuel, as well as usage of alternative fuels and powertrains. Further, the regulations will have a direct influence on the technologies, such as diesel and gasoline direct injection, that automakers will utilize to meet the fuel economy standards through MY2025. Included in this resource are the presentations from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Volkswagen, and Bosch utilized at the briefing.

This resource contains presentations from the Center for Automotive Research (CAR) 2013 Management Briefing Seminars held August 5-8, 2013. With over 900 attendees from industry, government, media, and academia, the event featured outstanding presentations from industry thought leaders as well as various networking and social events. Using CAR research as a foundation, these seminars revolved around global manufacturing strategies, lightweighting, connected vehicles, powertrain developments, sales forecasting, purchasing, policy, designing for technology, and capital investment.

The following course was created by Grand Rapids Community College (GRCC), through seed funding from theCAAT, to train workers for entry level positions in the advanced energy manufacturing industry. The course is designed around OSHA's "Standards for General Industry" and if taught by an authorized General Industry Outreach Training Program Instructor, students should receive an OSHA General Industry 30-hour Safety certification. Instructional materials include PowerPoint presentations, instructor notes, OSHA instructor and student manuals (handouts/assignments), and lesson objectives. All lessons are intended to be taught through PowerPoint presentations with guidance from the included lesson objectives and notes for instructors. The included PowerPoints are original OSHA presentations modified by GRCC and originals created by GRCC. The lesson topics are: Introduction to OSHA Safety and Health Programs, Hazard Mapping, Personal Protective Equipment, Exit Routes and Emergency Action Plans, Fire Protection and Prevention, Electrical Hazards, Ergonomics and Manual Material Handling, Walking and Working Surfaces, Industrial Hygiene, Flammable and Combustible Liquids Hazard CommunicationExit Routes and Emergency Action Plans, Fire Protection and Prevention, First Aid and CPR, Hand and Power Tool Safety, Machine Guarding, and Control of Hazardous Energy (Lockout/Tag-out).For more information on the course visit https://learning.grcc.edu/ec2k/CourseListing.asp?master_id=777&course_area=CEMF&course_number=102&course_subtitle=00.

These modules were originally presented to First Responders during a two-day workshop at the North Carolina Solar Center (now known as the North Carolina Clean Energy Technology Center) and were taught by National Alternative Fuels Training Consortium trained instructors. Three separate modules were used to educate them on the properties, technology, and safety precautions to take when working with alternative fuel vehicles utilizing gaseous fuels, biofuels, and electric drivetrains.

A concise fact sheet on aluminum use in transport by the European Aluminium Association (EAA). Topics include applications (auto, air, marine, and rail), benefits, economic role, energy consumption, history, and sustainability.

This report by The Aluminum Association reviews the North American use of aluminum over the past 20 years in order to improve industry emissions, efficiency, recycling, and to address the challenges ahead in regards of sustainability. Challenges faced with sustainability include technological progress, energy and resource use, waste minimization and elimination, business operations, and product end-of-life ("design for recycling" and recycling incentives).

This study was carried out by Ducker Worldwide and funded by The Aluminum Association to evaluate the aluminum content in 2012 model year vehicles and the projected aluminum content growth through 2025. To gather data and form projections, Ducker surveyed original equipment manufactures (OEMs) and The Aluminum Association to create a metallic materials database with 32,000 cells per light vehicle. Using their database and other information from OEMs, Ducker concluded in the 2012 model year the average weight of aluminum on light vehicles will be approximately 348lbs, 30% of hoods will be aluminum, and 50% of cast aluminum wheels will be sourced from China. To meet corporate average fuel economy (CAFE) standards in 2025 Ducker speculates vehicle aluminum content will grow by 80% (671lbs avg. truck and 451lbs avg. for cars), milled aluminum components will increase, 50% of hoods will be aluminum, and manifolds will be made from magnesium rather than aluminum. Based on this study's conclusions, it's clear that aluminum content in vehicles will continue to grow to meet CAFE standards by 2025. For more info on Ducker Worldwide, visit http://www.ducker.com/. Ducker has also performed studies for the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the Department of Energy (DOE).

In this study funded by the Energy Foundation, performed by Lotus Engineering, and released by the International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT), the potential mass reduction of a 2009 Toyota Venza is evaluated. Through advanced methodologies, Lotus replaces components with various high strength materials and reduces the quantity of components through integration. It's concluded in low development 21% mass may be reduced while cost is kept to 98% and in high development 38% mass may be reduced while cost is kept to 103%.

This presentation by Bob Feldmaier of the Center for Advanced Automotive Technology (CAAT) was presented at the 2013 conference Manufacturing the Nextgen Workforce and provides an overview of the CAAT. Discussed in the presentation are the CAAT's mission and strategic priorities, affiliations, Macomb Community College's (MCC's) automotive programs, and potential career pathways. This conference was hosted by Clemson University's science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) Workforce Development group and took place from 9/30/13 to 10/2/13 at the Charleston Area Convention Center in North Charleston, SC. This conference also featured presentations from other Advanced Technological Education (ATE) centers and educational institutions.

In this two year study funded by the California Energy Commission and S.D. Bechtel, a committee of individuals from major energy research institutions in California develops strategies to meet Executive Order S-3-05. Executive Order S-3-05 requires California to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions to 80% of 1990 levels by 2050. To accomplish this, CO2 levels will need to drop from 13 tons CO2e per capita (2005) to 1.6 tons CO2e per capita (2050) while the population continues to grow and energy use is expected to double. To offer a solution to this challenge, multiple "energy system portraits" are developed with combinations of nuclear, biomass, electricity, and fossil fuels with carbon capturing systems. It's concluded by applying key aggressive strategies and investing in multiple technologies, implementations, research, development, and innovation, California can meet executive order S-3-05.

This document contains test protocols to determine the performance and durability of fuel cell components such as electrocatalysts and supports, membranes, and membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs). These protocols were established with the intent to be used as a common industry standard when assessing durability of different polymer electrolyte membranes (PEM) in fuel cells for automotive applications and to be compared against DOE and FreedomCar targets. The resulting data may also help to model the performance of the fuel cell under variable load conditions and the effects of ageing on performance.

In this report funded by the World Bank and carried out by the firm PRTM, China's New Energy Program and 10 Cities 1000 Vehicles program are evaluated. China is on the forefront of electric vehicle (EV) and hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) development leading the world in funding of new energy vehicles (100 billion RMB investments by 2021). Leading the development of new energy technologies is faced with challenges such as policy, grid solutions, standards, new business models, new technologies, and customer acceptance. This report reviews China's current energy programs and predicts future government and commercial changes to come due to new energy technologies.

In this study by the European Aluminium Association and FKA (Forschungsgesellschaft Kraftfahrwesen Aachen), a concept crash system for 40t trucks is developed based on the front end design used in the "APROSYS" study. The concept was built around European safety regulations in CAD software and simulated with an FE model using aluminum and steel. It was found that using an octagon shaped aluminum crush box would be the safest due to its characteristics of low weight, high energy absorption, and low technical complexity. Through additional testing it was also found if EU directive 96/53/EC could be modified to exclude cabin dimensions from its requirements, safer collisions for both parties would result.

The objective of this paper is to describe the development of an educational purpose computer-based simulator for Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) technology. The tremendous capital investment, tedious and time-consuming tasks required to establish a full function of HEV laboratory are convincing evidence that the HEV curriculum is in need of a low-cost, computer-based virtual HEV simulator. An interactive, LabVIEW-based simulation software was developed for different configurations of hybrid powertrains under several driving conditions. The developed software is capable of simulating, illustrating and displaying (on the PC-based screen) the multiple energy flows in the HEV based on its configuration and driving conditions. The software integrated with actuator assembles the simulator which serves as a hands-on experience unit for multidiscipline students enrolled in the HEV technology courses. The virtual HEV simulator not only enhances the HEV training and education, but also increases students' interest in the green movement of transportation.

This two credit course offeredat Macomb Community College explains how sensors, communications technologies, computational ability, control, and feedback mechanisms can be effectively combined to create a continually adjusting smart grid system. It provides an understanding of both Intelligrid architecture and EnergyPort, as well as how to integrate intelligent systems to achieve the goals of reliability, cost containment, energy efficiency in power production and delivery, and end-use energy efficiency. Included educational materials for this course are presentations, reports, and a syllabus. Homework assignments and exams are not included. The course outline is as follows: review of right triangles, wooden poles, pole loading, what is the Smart Grid?, electric energy efficiency in power production and delivery, electric end use efficiency, using a Smart Grid to evolve the perfect power system, intelliGrid architecture for the Smart Grid, the dynamic energy system concept, and Smart Grid EnergyPort.

This three credit course offeredat Macomb Community Collegeprovides an introduction toalternating current (AC)motors, AC motor controls, and AC motor applications tobattery electric and hybrid electric vehicles (BEVs and HEVs). Course topics include fundamental concepts of electricity and magnetism, AC motors, traction motors, AC synchronous permanent magnet motors, HEV/BEV energy storage and control systems, adjustable frequency drives, and modeling of various components associated with electric drivevehicles in MatLab and Simulink software. Included educational materials for this course are a syllabus and PowerPoint presentations. Homework assignments and exams are not included. This course is required as a part of MCC's Electric VehicleDevelopmentTechnology Certificate and the course outline is as follows: introduction to single-phase motors, motor operation theory, basic motor controls, introduction to three phase motors, three-phase motor controls, theory of operation for adjustable frequency drives, configuring drive parameters, simulation of parameters using MatLab software, and simulation of electric vehicle parameters using Simulink software.

This resource contains presentations from a three credit course offered at Wayne State University focused on the following hybrid electricand electric vehicle (HEV/EV) technologies: concepts and design, energy analysis, unified model approach, hybridization, hybrid powertrain architectures, internal combustion engines for HEVs, transmissions used in HEVs, and on-board energy storage. At WSU, ET 3450 (Applied Calculus and Differential Equations) and PHY 2140 (General Physics) are prerequisites to this course. The presentation titles are: 1. Introduction of Hybrid Electric Vehicles and Plugin Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEV/PHEV), 2. Overview of Vehicle Road Load, 3. Hybrid Powertrain Configurations, 4. Vehicle Electrification, 5. Hybrid Powertrain Components, 6. Overview of Electrically Variable Transmissions (EVT), 7. Electric Machines, 8. Power Electronics Pt. 1, 9. Power Electronics Pt. 2, 10. On-Board Energy Storage, Battery Cell Management, State Estimation, Cell Balancing, and Charging Schemes, 11. Battery Management Systems (BMS), 12. Fundamentals of Regenerative Braking, 13. Modeling and Simulation Software for Vehicle System and Driveline Analysis, and 14. HEV/PHEV/EV Future Trends.

This presentation was developed by a member of MIT's electric vehicle team and provides a basic overview of electric and hybrid electric vehicle (EV and HEV) history, operation, challenges, and advantages. Discussed is EV/HEV history dating from 1830- 2010, the operation of EV/HEV systems (networking and sourcing of power throughout components), challenges (ranges, energy equivalence, consumer acceptance, charge time, grid integration, and cost), advantages (energy efficiency, fuel cost, and emissions), meeting challenges (convenient charging and improving technology), EV/HEV vehicles today (Chevrolet Volt, Tesla Roadster, and Fisker Karma), and MIT's electric vehicle team (projects, awards, and competitions). For more info on the MIT team visit http://web.mit.edu/evt/.

This module describes the current and ongoing dependence on oil fueled transportation and the alternatives being considered to solve the need for sustainable energy. The following topics are discussed in the module: the rising global dependence on oil and the need for new technologies to fuel transportation,emerging technologies being highly considered to replace oil such as electric, hybrid electric, and hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, the advantages and disadvantages of each technology, and a comparison of the carbon footprint of each technology in writing and charts.Four review questions are supplied to test students on their knowledge of the material and to provide critical thinking as to their ideas for the future and solution for sustainable energy transportation.